Event 2
 

Dialogue between them prolonged. Moslem Ibn Amr Bahli got up to say: If the Amir allows I may talk to Hāni in privacy. Both went aside in such a way that Ibn Ziyād could see them. When their talk became loud Ibne Ziyād also heard it.

Moslem told Hāni: "O Hāni, I administer oath of Allāh to you. Do not kill yourself, and do not put your tribe in trouble. I am afraid you will be killed. This man, Moslem Ibn Aquil is the cousin of Ibn Ziyad. He will never be harmed or killed by them. Hand him over to them as this deed will not cause any disgrace or loss to you, since you will be handing him over to the ruler." Hāni said: By Allāh, it is disgrace on my part if I hand over my refugee, my guest, and the representative of the son of the holy Prophet to his enemy, shile my hands are powerful and I have many friends. Even if I were alone and without helpers, I would not hand him over until I sacrifice my life for him.

Bahli administered him an oath. But Hāni declined emphatically. Ibn Ziyād, who heard these words said, "Bring him to me. So he was brought near him." Ibn Ziyād said: "By Allāh. I say, hand him over. Otherwise I will behead you." Hāni replied: "Then light of the edges of swords will light up around your palace." Ibn Ziyād said: "Woe unto you. Do you threaten me with your sword?" Hāni thought that his tribesmen had heard his voice. Ibn Ziyād said: Bring him close to me. Then he beat him up on his head, face, nose and cheeks with his whip so much that his nose broke and flesh fell off his face, and blood rolled over his clothes. The whip was also broken.

Hāni stretched out his hands and took hold of the handle of the guard?s sword to snatch it and to attack. The guard caught him. Ibn Ziyād shouted: Hold him. They grabbed him and dragged and imprisoned him in one of the palace rooms, and closed its door. Ibn Ziyād also ordered posting of warders to watch him.

Asma Ibn Kharja or Hassān Ibn Asma rose up and said: "Deceptive indeed was today. O Amir! You asked us to bring this man to you. Now when he arrived you broke and disfigured his face, and colored his beard with blood and tried to kill him." Ibn Ziyād became angry at his words and said: You are also from him. On his order, they beat him up, chained him and jailed him in a corner of the palace. He exclaimed: Inna lillāh wa inna ilaihi Rājeoon. O Hāni! I offer you condolences.

The narrator says: Amr bin Hajjāj heard that Hāni was killed. Raviha, daughter of Amr was Hāni?s wife. Amr came to government Palace along with the entire tribe of Mizhaj. He shouted: I am Amr Ibn Hajjāj, and all these are the warriors of Mizhaj, and its leading personalities. We have not left obedience and we do not want disintegration in the community. We have got news that our chief Hāni has been killed. Ibn Ziyād understood the reason of the assembly of those people. He asked (Judge) Shureih to call on Hāni, and to inform the community about his being safe. Shureih (who was a liar Judge) did so, and the gathering became glad and returned.

Moslem Ibn Aquil got this news. So he stood up along with his friends to fight against Ibn Ziyād. They surrounded the palace of Ibn Ziyād. Ibn Ziyād was beseiged in his palace. The battle began between the army of Ibn Ziyād and the army of Moslem.

The companions of Ibn Ziyād who were with him inside the palace, warned the friends of Moslem against war and asked them to fear the Syrian army. This condition continued till nightfall. When night fell, the friends of Moslem left him and talked to one another: "What can we do for this sedition that has come on us so rapidly? It is better to remain in our houses, and leave these two parties to themselves until Allāh improves their affairs." Except ten persons from his friends no one remained with Moslem. He went to the mosque to offer evening prayers. The last ten also dispersed.

When Moslem saw such a situation, he moved alone in the Bazar and streets of Kufa, until he reached and halted at the door of the house of a lady named Tooa. He asked for water and she provided it. Then he sought shelter which also she extended. Tooa?s son knew this and he informed Ibn Ziyād. Ibn Ziyād summoned Muhammad Ibn Ashath and sent him with soldiers to arrest Moslem. As Moslem heard the noise of the horse hooves, he put on the war dress, mounted a horse and proceeded to fight with the enemy.

Moslem, who was a brave man, killed a number of enemies. The sword in his hand moved in such a way that people remembered the wielding of Zulfiqār in the hand of Haider Karrar Ali (p.b.u.h.). Muhammad Ibn Ashath cried. "O Moslem. You are given amnesty." Moslem replied: "The amnesty offered by you liars, and misdoers does not have any value."

Then he renewed fighting and recited the lyric poem of Humran bin Mālik Khasami: I have vowed not to die but as a free man, even if death looks ugly. I dislike cheat and fraud or the mixture of cool and palatable drink with hot and bitter substance. Every man must once meet with hardship and trouble. I shall strike you, I am not afraid of harm and loss. They said: "Our words are not deceitful." Moslem did not care. He continued his constant attacks. Then the enemy rushed to him collectively. He became very weak due to frequent wounds. A man hit him with his spear from behind, whereby Moslem fell down and was captured.

When they took him to Ibn Ziyād, Moslem did not salute him. The guard said: Salute the commander. Moslem replied: You shut up. Woe unto you. He is not my commander. Ibn Ziyād said: Salute me or not, you will be killed. Moslem told him: "It is no wonder if you kill me, as there were people worst than you who killed men better than me. If you cut my body in the worst way, it would only expose your inner dirt and meanness; as such crimes have been imbibed in your nature."

Ibn Ziyād said: "O disobedient and mischief- maker! Having left the chief, you have broken the power of the muslims and are now creating trouble." Moslem: "O Ibn Ziyād! You have lied. It was Muawiyah and his son Yazeed who broke the strength of the muslims. With regards to trouble, it is you and your father Ziyād, bondsman of Bani Allāj of Thaqeef,45 who is the real germ of every hypocrisy and mischief. I hope Allāh will grant me martyrdom through the hand of the most corrupt person!"

Ibn Ziyād said: You desired something which Allāh withdrew it from you and granted it to the deserving one. Moslem asked: "O son of Marjāna! Who deserves it?" Ibne Ziyād: "Yazeed bin Muawiyah." Moslem replied: "Thanks to God! I am pleased with Allāh?s Judgment between you and us." Ibn Ziyād said: "Do you think that you have a right in caliphate?"

Moslem replied: "No doubt, I am certain of it." Ibn Ziyād: "Tell me, why did you come to this peaceful city and caused conflicts among its residents and disturbed their affairs?" Moslem said: "I did not come to do anything like that. But it is you who uplifted evils, buried virtues, and imposed yourself on people without their consent. You dragged people against Allāh?s commandments. You are ruling the people like those dictators. We came to order - Sayyid Khui says: Ziyād bin Ubaid… is the same Ziyād bin Abih whose mother is Sumayya, notorious for adultery. Her attachment with Abu Sufyān is known to all and their bastard son is Ubaidullāh, the killer of Husain (a.s.) cursed son of the cursed, and the father of the cursed in the first is the same Ziyād who is known by the name of his mother. [Mojam Rijālul Hadith 7/309]

good and prohibit evil, and make people to follow the Book of Allāh and, as averred by the holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) this responsibility suits us." Ibn Ziyād (may God?s curse overtake his soul) began to curse Moslem, Ali, Hasan and Husain. Moslem said: "It is you and your father who are the worst of the people. O enemy of Allāh! Do whatever you like."

Ibn Ziyād ordered Bukair Ibn Umrān, the malicious and the accursed one, to take Moslem to the top of the palace and kill him. They took Moslem upstairs, who engaged himself in words of prayers and seeking Allāh?s rewards for the holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.). Then they decapitated him and came down fearful and trembling. Ibn Ziyād asked: "What is happening to you?" He said: "While killing him, I saw a black colored and ugly faced man standing in front of me, who was biting his nails - or biting his lips -I was not afraid like that ever before."

Ibn Ziyād: "Perhaps you are frightened." Then he ordered for killing of Hāni Ibn Urwah. They took him for execution while he was shouting: O Mazhaja, where are Mazhajis? And where are our tribesmen and relatives? The executers said: Raise your head. Hāni said: I am not generous in giving away my own life and will not help you in assassinating me. Ibn Ziyād?s slave, Rashid, hit at his neck and killed Hāni.

About the martyrdom of Moslem and Hāni, Abdullāh Ibn Zubair Asadi46 (according to another statement, Farazdaq47 recited thus: If you do not know what death is, then look at Hāni and the son of Aquil in the market field; That brave man whose face was disfigured with a sword and another one who was fell from the top of a wall; These two were crushed under the feet of oppression and yet their names are on the tongues of everyone; You see a body that death changed its color and blood that continues to gush from it; This is the young courageous man, whose modesty is higher than the modesty of a chaste young girl; His power stronger than the power of a double edged sharpened sword;

Is there anyone else who sits so comfortably on a horse? Now Mizhaj forgets him totally; The one whom everyone was ready to obey; If you have no guts to avenge the blood of your brothers; Then play music for a while, with the bastards. 46 - Abdullāh bin Zubair bin A?shi. His name is Qais bin Bajrah bin Qais bin Munqaz bin Amr bin Qaen Asadi. [Adabut Taff 1/146] 47 - Farazdaq Humam bin Ghaib, Abu Faras was a noted poet, a linguist and a noble personality in his community. His father and grandfather were also among generous noblemen. He died at the age of about 100 years. [Khizānatul Adab 1/105-108, Jumharat Ashārul Arab/3/163, Al-Elām 8/93] 55 The narrator says: Ubaidullāh Ibn Ziyād conveyed to Yazeed the news about Moslem and Hāni. In response, Yazeed appreciated his job and thanked for it. He also informed Ubaidullah about Husain's intention of moving towards Kufa, and ordered him to arrest, imprison and kill any suspicious person.

Imām Hussain (a.s.) left Mecca on Tuesday, the 3rd or 8th of Zilhajj 60 A.H., that is, on the day of Moslem?s martyrdom. Abu Ja?far bin Muhammad bin Jurair Tabari Imāmi in his book Dalāil Al-Imāmah49 says; "Abu Muhammad Sufyān Ibn Waqee50 from his father Waqee,51 - Shaykh Tehrāni, in Az-Zariah 8/241, says: Abu Ja?far Muhammad bin Jurair bin Rustam Tabari Amoli Mazandārāni had come after Muhammad bin Jurair Tabari Kabir. He is a contemporary of Shaykh Tusi (d. 460 A.H.) and he corroborates this matter…

- Dalail Al-Imāmah or Dalail ?immah was compiled after 411 A.H. Shaykh Tehrāni says: Sayyid Tāwūs was the first person to quote from this book… It may be remembered that in the year 405 A.H., there were 1500 books in library and from among all those books it was the complete manuscript of this books to which the Sayyid had been quoting along with the author?s name during his initial, middle and last days in his books in various contexts. But that copy reached the latter only in an incomplete form. [Az-Zariah 8/244]

- In Mustadrakāt Ilme Rijāl 4/95, it is mentioned: Sufyān bin Waqee has not been mentioned by his name Abu Muhammad. Muhammad bin Furāt Vahhan has narrated from him and he from his father and his uncle. Muhammad bin Jurair has narrated from him and from his father and uncle from Amash in Dalāilul Mojizāt.

- Waqee bin Jarah bin Maleeh Rawāsi, Abu Sufyān was a Hāfiz of Hadith and a Muhaddith of Iraq in his time. He was born in Kufa and died at Feed while returning from Hajj in the year 197-199. [Tadkeratul Huffāz 1/282; Hilyatul Awliya 8/368; Mizānul Etedāl 3/270; Tārikh Baghdād 13/466; Al-Elām 8/117]

from A?mash52(his uncle), from Abu Muhammad Wāqidi and Zurārah Ibn Khalaj53 We met Husain (a.s.) three days prior to his movement towards Iraq.54 We informed him about the weakness of the Kufians, and that their hearts were with him, but their swords were against him." Imām Hussain (a.s.) pointed his blessed hand towards the sky. The gates of the sky opened and innumerable angels, whose number is not known to anyone except the Almighty Allāh, came down.

Imām (a.s.) said: If it was not for the causality in this world and had not the fixed time (death) arrived, I would fight them with these powers. But I know, with certainty, that the place of the martyrdom of me and my companions is there, from where none, but my son Ali would be saved.

It is mentioned in narrations that when Imam Husain (p.b.u.h.) wanted to proceed towards Iraq, he stood up and gave a sermon and said: All praise is for the Almighty Allāh, and only His - Amash, Sulaimān bin Mehran Asadi Valai, Tabei from Rey. He was brought up in Kufa where he died also. He transmitted around 1300 hadiths. He died in 148 A.H. [At-Tabaqāt 6/238; Al-Wafiyāt 1/213 Tārikh Baghdād 9/3; Al-Elām 3/135]

- Mustadrakāt Ilme Rijāl 3/425 has considered that Zarrah bin Khalaj and Zurārah bin Sāleh were two persons. Perhaps it was one who saw a Mojizah (miraculous vision) wherein the Hazrat informed him about his martyrdom and also of his friends. Quoting Ibne Sāleh he says: He had the honor of meeting Husain (a.s.) three days before he revolted.

- Iraqain: Kufa and Basra. Iraq is known as Suwad due to its being covered with date trees and other vegetation. Its length was from Hadisa in Mosul to Abadas and its breadth from Azeeb in Qadisiya to Halwan. Yet the known length of Iraq is less than the length of Suwad. [Mojamul Buldān 3/272; 4/93-95]

will prevails; power and strength is not available except from Allah (sustenance too is only from Him); may Allāh?s mercy be upon His revered messenger (and his progeny), may Allāh shed His peace on him. The adoration of death on the son of Adam is like the adoration of a necklace on the neck of a maiden. My longing to meet my predecessors (my grandfather, father, mother, and brother) is like the longing of Jācob to meet Joseph. A place for my killing has already been selected where I must reach. As if I see those wild wolves tearing apart pieces of my body between Nawawees55 and Karbala.

How many stomachs shall be filled with me (my flesh and blood) and how many leather bags stuffed with my stuff? There is no escape from what has been inscribed on the state of destiny. We, the holy Ahle Bayt have considered the happiness of Allāh as our happiness, and we perform His tests patiently. He grants us the reward of the patient ones. Part of the prophet gets separated from him but that it returns to him in Hazeerat-ul-Quds, whereby his eyes become bright and His promise fulfilled. Whosoever wished to shed and sacrifice his life on our path and feels gratification of soul in meeting Allāh may get ready to march with us, as we are to move next morning, Insha Allāh.56

- Nawawees was a public tomb of Christians before the Islāmic victory. It was situated near the Husaini Lands. [Turāthi Kerbala: 19] 56- In the copy of "A?, it is mentioned: Muammar bin Musannus has written in Maqtalal Hussain that: when the Day of Tarviyah (8th of Zilhajj) dawned, Umar bin Sa?ad arrived in Mecca with a huge army, Yazeed had ordered him to fight and kill Hussain (a.s.) and Hussain (a.s.) had left Mecca on that very day of Tarviyah. This writing does not appear in the copy of R.B. and we have mentioned in the footnote considering it probable that perhaps it was from the comments of the Muhammad Ibn Dāwood Qummi57 narrates from Abi Abdullāh (a.s.) who said: During the night by the end of which Husain (a.s.) decided to leave Mecca, Muhammad Ibn Hanafiya58 went to the Imām and said: O my brother! The disloyalty of the people of Kufa to your father and your brother is known to you. I am afraid they will do to you what they had done earlier. If you stay in holy city- Mecca- your respect, honor, and magnanimity would be apparent.

Imām replied: "My brother! I fear that Yazeed Ibn Muawiyah may assassinate me in the limits of the holy Sanctuary, thereby violating its sanctity." He said: "In view of it you may go towards Yemen or proceed towards the desert. As your dignity is higher than everyone, nobody will touch you." He replied: "I consider your proposal."

Next morning Hussain (a.s.) became ready to move. Muhammad Ibn Hanafiya got the news. He rushed to Imam, and held the rein of his camel saying: Didn?t you promise to think over my suggestion? author on the work and thereafter he might have got into the text while producing copies.

- Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Dawood Bin Ali Shaykh at-Tāifa Abul Hasan Qummi (d. 368), the author of Al-Mazār is one of the excellent works of Mufid from whom Husain Bin Ubaidullāh al- Fazairihas has also narrated. [At-Tabaqāt Al-Qarn Ar- Rabe: 236] - Abul Qāsim Muhammad al-Akbar is a son of Ali (a.s.) and Hanafiya is the Kunniyyat of his mother Khaula daughter of Ja?far. He was a very intelligent and learned man and also extremely strong. His debates on Imāmate, with Imām Sajjād (a.s.) and consequently his acknowledgement of Imāmate of Imām Sajjād (a.s.) and his bowing before Imām Sajjād is well known. He expired in 80 or 81 A.H. [Tanqihul Maqāl 3/115; Wafyātul Ayān 5/91; At-Tabaqāt 5/91]

He said: "Yes, I did." He submitted: "Then why are you so hurry for moving?" Imām said: When you left, the holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) appeared to tell me, "O Hussain! Leave this place. Allāh certainly Wills to see you slain." He exclaimed: "Inna lillāhe inna ilaihe rājeoon. If it is so what is the use of taking the womenfolk with you?" Hussain (a.s.): "The holy Prophet said: Allāh desires to see them in the apparel of captives. Then he said farewell and departed."59

- In the manuscript of "A? after the phrase [said farewell and departed] the following words are found: Muhammad bin Yāqub Kulayni, in his book ar-Rasāil says quoting Muhammad bin Yahya from Muhammad bin Husain, from Ayyub bin Nuh, from Safwān, from Marwān bin Ismail, from Abi Abdullāh (a.s.) that: We have word regarding the uprising of the Imām (a.s.) and the opposition of Muhammad Hanafiya, about which Imām Sādiq (a.s.) said: I shall narrate to you something which you should never again raise before me in this assembly. While proceeding, Hussain (a.s.) called for a paper and wrote therein: Bismillāhir Rahmānir Raheem From Hussain bin Ali to Bani Hāshim:

Those who join me shall attain martyrdom and who oppose not succeed.

Was Salām

In his book Mulādunnabi wa mulād Al-awsiya, Shaykh Mufid quotes his teacher Imām Sādiq (a.s.) saying: When Hussain (a.s.) left Mecca and proceeded towards Medina (It should be Medina to Mecca - Translator) armies of angels covered with armaments came riding heavily on horses to Hussain (a.s.) and said: O Proof (Hujjat) of Allāh for the creation after the grandfather and father and brother, Allāh had helped His messenger through us and now He has sent us to help you.

Imām (a.s.) said: My venue is in the land of my martyrdom and it is Karbala. When I reach there, you may come to me. They said: O proof of Allāh! Truly Allāh has ordered us to remain in the range of hearing and obeying you. Do you feel fear from the enemy? In that case we are with you.

The Imām replied: They cannot reach me until I reach my mausoleum. Then battalions of faithful jinns (genies) turned up before the Imām and said: O our master! We are your Shias and your helpers: Order us to do whatever you like. If you issue a command, we shall destroy all of your enemies even before you move from your place. The Imām wished them well and said: Have you not read in Allāh?s Book revealed to my grandfather: "Say: Had you remained in your houses, those for whom slaughter was ordained would certainly have gone forth to the places where they would be slain." If I stay put here, then how will this inner creation be tested and who will, except me, will recline in the grave for which a particular ground has already been selected? That place which will become the sanctuary of our Shias and friends: it is where their deeds and prayers will be accepted, they shall reside therein and which will be the abode of peace for them in both this world and the Hereafter. All of you may remain present in Kerbala on Saturday - as per another narration, on Friday - because, by the end of that day, I and all of my friends will achieve martyrdom, and my head will be carried towards Yazeed bin Muawiyah.

The jinns replied: O friend of Allāh and the son of His friend! By Allāh, had we not considered your obedience compulsory and had we not known that your disobedience is not permissible we would have done quite opposite and would have annihilated all you enemies even before you could apprehend them.

The Imām said: By Allāh, we are stronger than you, but till one is dead, he dies with clarity and knowledge and one who remains alive lives with arguments. (This footnote is not found in the manuscript of R. & B. We are setting forth here because probably the author had brought it in the margin of his book and thereafter it was included in the text.).

Thereafter Husain (a.s.) continued his journey until he reached Tanim.60 There he came across a caravan led by Baheer Ibn Ressan Hamiri, the governor of Yemen, who was carrying gifts for Yazeed. Hussain (a.s.) took the gifts in the authority of Wilayat and told the cameleers: Whosoever wishes may come to Iraq with us and enjoy our company. We will completely pay his fare. Those who do not want (to accompany us) their fare will be paid [by us] upto this place.

A group accompanied the Imām. The rest of them refrained from doing so. Imām (a.s.) went on until he reached Zāt-e-Irq61 and saw Boshr Ibn Ghāleb,62 who had arrived from Iraq and inquired about the situation over there.

- Tanim [on the scale of Takreem] is a locality in Hill in Mecca. It is between Mecca and Sirf at a distance of about two Farsakh [12 km] from Mecca - some say four Farsakh - It is called Tanim because it has a hill by the name "Naum? on its left and also another mountain called Naim. A desert village is called Naiman. In Tanim there are mosques in the precincts of Masjid-e-Aisha. It is the Miqat for the Meccans for the purpose of Umrah. [Mojamul Buldān 2/49]

- Zat-e-Irq is the place of Tahleel (praising God) for the Iraqis. It is between the borders of Najd and Tahamah. It is said: Irq is a mountain on the road to Mecca and hence it is named Zat-e-Irq. Asmaee says: the ground raises high from Batl ar-Rama upto the heights of Zat-e-Irq and Irq is a mountain close to Zat-e-Irq. [Mojamul Buldān 4/107-108]

- It is mentioned in Mustadrakāt Ilmur Rijāl 2/33 that Bashar bin Ghalib Asadi Kufi is one of the companions of Hussain and Sajjād (a.s.). Shaykh, in his Rijāl, and Baraqui have considered him among the companions of Amirul Momineen and Hasnain and Sajjād (a.s.). He and his brother Bashir are the narrators of Dua Arafa of Imām Hussain. He has some narrations, which I have quoted in Oddatud Dai. Abdullāh bin Shuraik has narrated from him.

He said: "When I left them their hearts were with you while their swords were serving Bani Umayyah." The Imām (a.s.) said: O brother Asadi! You are right. Verily Allāh does what He wants, and He commands what He intends. The narrator says, "Imām continued to move till he reached Thalabiya,63 and it was noon time. Imām put his blessed head down, took a light sleep and got up and said: I dreamt that a secret voice was telling me, "You are en route and death will take you to Paradise." His son Ali said: "O dear father! But are we not on the right path?"

He replied: "Why not my son? By the One to Whom all have to return, we are." He replied: "Then we have no fear from death." Hussain (a.s.): "May Allāh gives you the best reward, which He gives to every child from his father." Imām passed that night there. Next morning a Kufian man, Abu Hirra Azdi, came to Imām and saluted him. Then he said: "O son of the Prophet of Allāh! What did bring you out of the Sanctuary of Allāh and the Sanctuary of your grandfather, the Prophet of Allāh?"

Hussain (a.s.) said: "O Aba Hirra! When the Umayyides grabbed my property I remained patient. When - Thalabiya [with first Fatha for pronunciation] is one of the stations on the Mecca-Kufa road after Shuqooq but before Khuzemiya. It was at the 2/3rd distance (road). At a lower level was a water stream at a distance of one mile called Zaweeja. Thalabiya is named so because Thalaba bin Amr had been there. It is said that Thalaba bin Dudan bin Asad was the first person to camp there. [Mojamul Buldān 2/78] they attacked my honor, I tolerated it. Now as they demanded my blood I fled. By Allāh, this traitor and rebel group will definitely kill me, and Allāh will surely make them wear clothes of disgrace, and will make the sword rule over them."