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The weakening of the foundations of the family, of kinship and friendship; the coldness of human feelings and heartlessness are among the salient characteristics of the end of time.
The Coldness of Human Feelings
The Noble Messenger of Islam (s.) thus described the state of affairs of those days from the emotional perspective: “In those days the elders will not have mercy upon subordinates and the young, while the powerful will not have pity on the weak. At that time, God will give permission to him (al-Mahdi-) to rise up and reappear.”[39]
He also said: “The Day of Resurrection [yawm al-qiya-mah] shall not take place unless the time would come when a man (out of intense poverty) would look toward his kith and kin, and swear that they are his relatives to receive help from them, but they will give nothing to him. One will seek help from his neighbor and appeal to the right of neighborliness, but his neighbor will not render him any assistance.”[40]
The Prophet (s.) also said elsewhere: “Among the signs of the Day of Resurrection is bad treatment between neighbors and severance of the bonds of kinship.”[41]
Since in some h?adi-ths the word “as-sa-‘ah” [the time] has been interpreted as the advent of Ima-m Mahdi- (‘atfs),[42] I interpreted the h?adi-ths on the “signs of the time” [ashara-t as-sa-‘ah] as the “signs of the advent”.
Moral Corruption
It is possible for any kind of deviation and corruption to be tolerated somehow except sexual promiscuity, which is very unpleasant and intolerable for dignified and noble people. Among the vilest and most hazardous deviations with which the society prior to the advent of the Ima-m of the Time (‘atfs) will be afflicted would be family insecurity and moral turpitude.
At that time, corruption and moral laxity will spread remarkably. The animalistic acts of pseudo-humans will no longer be seen as indecent and obscene due to the extent of the corruption, and these acts will gradually appear as natural and normal. Corruption will be so widespread that it would be hard to find anyone who could or would want to prevent it.
The celebration of 2,500 years of the Iranian monarchy in 1971 during the rule of Muh?ammad Rid?a- Pahlavi- in which extremely obscene scenes of animalistic life had been presented under the guise of “Shi-ra-z Arts” earned the condemnation of the Islamic society of Iran. During the time prior to the advent of Ima-m Mahdi- (‘a), however, there will be no such protests and the only gesture of protest will be this: “Why were such indecent acts undertaken in the middle of the crossroads?” This is the highest form of forbidding evil that will be undertaken and such a person will be the most pious of his time.
Now, let us look at the h?adi-ths in order to comprehend the profundity of the tragedy of the loss of Islamic values and the spread of corruption at that time. The Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “The Day of Resurrection will not commence unless a woman would be openly taken away from her guardian in broad daylight and be molested in public in the middle of the road and no one would condemn and prevent this. The best among the people is he who will say: ‘I wish you would have gone a bit away from the middle of the road and done your work!’”[43]
He (s.) also said: “I swear to the One in Whose hand is the life of Muh?ammad (s.) that this ummah will not vanish until such a time when man would ambush a woman like a wild lion and molest her. The best among the people is he who will say: ‘I wish you would have hidden her behind this wall and did not do such a thing in public’.”[44]
Elsewhere, he (s.) said: “Those men, being like animals, will fight one another in the middle of the road, and then one of them will publicly molest the other one’s mother, sister and daughter in the middle of the road. Thereafter, he will let others molest them, and they, one after the other, will do this lewd act. But no one will condemn this lewd act or change it. The best among them would be he who will say: ‘It would have been better if you would have been far from the highway and away from the public eye’.”[45]
The Spread of Immodest Acts
Muh?ammad ibn Muslim said: “I asked Ima-m al-Ba-qir (‘a): ‘O son of the Messenger of Allah! When will the Qa-’im from among you appear?’” The Ima-m said: “It will be at the time when men would resemble women and women would act like men; at the time when men would suffice themselves with men (i.e. they would do sodomy), and so would women with other women (i.e. they would engage in lesbianism).”[46]
Another h?adi-th with the same content has been reported from Ima-m as.-S.a-diq (‘a).[47] Abu- Hurayrah also reported from the Prophet (s.), thus: “The Day of Resurrection shall not come to pass until such time when men would vie with one another in committing indecent acts; the same would be the case with women.”[48]
Other h?adi-th with the same content has also been reported.[49]
The Desire for Less Children
The Prophet of Islam (s.) said: “The Day of Resurrection shall not come to pass until such time when someone who has five children would wish for four while one who had four children will say: “I wish I had three!” The one having three children would wish for two, one with two children would wish for one child, and the one with a single child would thus say: “I wish I had no child!”[50]
He (s.) said in another h?adi-th: “A time will come when a man would begrudge having a smaller number of children just as you are now begrudging more children and properties; so much so that one of you will pass by the grave of his brother and wish to be in his place (that he was also dead)—just as animals will wish for a place in the meadow—and he will say: “How I wish I were in his stead!” And this statement is not on account of eagerness to meet the Lord and because of the good deeds he has done before; instead, it is due to the calamities and adversities that will befall him.”[51]
He (s.) also said elsewhere: “The Day of Resurrection shall not come to pass unless offspring would decrease in number.”[52] In this h?adi-th the phrase, “al-walad ghayz.a-n” means abortion and contraception, but the word “ghayz.a-n” in another h?adi-th means worry, agony, suffering, and resentment.
In other words, by practicing abortion and contraception at that time, the people will prevent increase in the number of children. It can also mean that having a child would make one sad, anxious and furious. Perhaps, it would be due to extreme economic problems, the spread of diseases among children, the lack of facilities, and the propaganda and encouragement to have fewer children, or other factors.
The Increase in the Number of Families without Guardians
The Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “One of the signs of the Day of Resurrection is the decrease in the number of men and the increase in the number of women to such an extent that there will be one guardian for every fifty women.”[53]
Perhaps, this condition will result from the deaths of men in the successive and protracted wars that will occur.
He (s.) also said: “The Day of Resurrection shall not come to pass until such a time when thirty women will be in pursuit of one man, and each of them would request him to marry her.”[54]
He (s.) also said in another h?adi-th: “Allah will separate His Friends and chosen ones from the rest so as to make this earth devoid of the hypocrites and misguided as well as their children. A time shall come when fifty women will face a single man. One will say: “O servant of God! Take me.” The other one will say: “Give me refuge.”[55]
Anas narrated: The Prophet (s.) said: “The Day of Resurrection shall not come to pass until such a time when (on account of the death of men and the plentitude of women) a woman would find a pair of shoes along the way and (out of remorse and disappointment) she would say: “This pair of shoes belonged to a man!” At that time, there will be one guardian for every fifty women.”[56]
Anas said: Wouldn’t you like me to narrate a h?adi-th I heard from the Prophet (s.)? The Prophet (s.) said: “Men will die while women will remain.”[57]
Chapter 4 : Security before the Advent of Ima-m al-Mahdi- (‘atfs)
Chaos and Insecurity
Because of the aggression of the big powers, the security of small governments and weak nations will decline, and freedom and security will be rendered meaningless. The powers dominant in the world will make life so difficult for weak nations and will intensify violating the rights of nations so much that they will not even allow people to breathe!
The Noble Prophet (s.) described that period in this manner: “The ummahs (the followers of other creeds and schools) will take hostile action against you just like the hungry rushing to a food container.” Someone said: “Will we be attacked because we will be a minority at that time?” The Prophet said: “Your number at that time will be many but you will become just like paper tigers. God will remove your majesty and grandeur from the hearts of your enemies and sluggishness will dominate your hearts.” Someone asked: “O Messenger of Allah! What is the cause of this sluggishness and weakness?” He (s.) said: “Love of the world and abhorrence of death.”[58]
These two undesirable traits mentioned by the Noble Messenger are enough to prevent a nation from attaining freedom and defending its values, and make them used to an ignominious life under any circumstance even to the extent of losing their religion and the principles of their school [maktab].
The Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “The advent of al-Mahdi- (‘atfs) will be at the time when the world would be in chaos and full of turmoil and disorder with one group rising up against another; neither would the elder be merciful toward the young nor would the powerful have pity on the weak. In such a time God will grant him permission to rise up [qiya-m].”[59]
Insecurity of the Highways
The extent of the chaos, insecurity and cruelty will also include the highways. At that time, God will raise up al-Mahdi- and he will capture the strongholds of misguidance from the hands of the powerful. The Promised Mahdi- (‘atfs) will not only take control of formidable citadels, but he will also conquer hearts blinded to the recognition of the truth and spirituality, and prepare them to accept these truths.
In addressing his beloved daughter, the Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “I swear to God Who has chosen me in truth! Verily, the Mahdi- of this ummah is from the progeny of al-H?asan and al-H?usayn (‘a). At the time when anarchy and confusion would envelop the whole world; when seditions would arise (one after the other); when highways and roads would become insecure and groups attack each other; when neither would the old have mercy on the young nor the young respect the old; at that moment God would let a person from the progeny of these two (Ima-ms H?asan and Husayn (‘a)) rise up to capture [and destroy] the strongholds of misguidance and conquer hearts that have been covered by the veil of ignorance and unawareness (and have been deprived of recognizing the truths).
He will rise up at the end of time—just as I rose up at the beginning of time—and fill the world with justice and equity just as it had been full of injustice and oppression.”[60]
Horrendous Crimes
The crimes of oppressors and leaders throughout history have been very dreadful and horrible. The pages of history are replete with oppression, injustices and crimes perpetrated by tyrannical and bloodthirsty rulers such as Genghis Khan, Hitler and Attila[61] against weaker nations.
Yet, the crimes that will be committed in the world prior to the advent of Ima-m Mahdi- (‘atfs) are among the most horrifying crimes that can ever be imagined. The execution of very young boys on the gallows; the burning of children and dipping them into molten liquids; cutting human beings into pieces by iron saws, axes, and mills are among the painful actions that governments which regard themselves as champions of human rights will perpetrate. It is the occurrence of such barbarities that will manifest the importance of the government of H?ad?rat Mahdi- (‘atfs)—based on the description of the h?adi-ths—as the sanctuary of the deprived.
‘Ali- (‘a) described the painful events of that period in this manner: “Verily, the Sufya-ni- will commission a group to gather the children in a certain place. Then, he will heat the oil to be used in burning them. The children will say: ‘If our fathers were opposing you, what is our sin in that we have to be burnt’ He will select two children with the names of H?asan and H?usayn and will hang them on the gallows. Thereafter, he will proceed toward Ku-fah and behave the same way toward the children there, hanging two children with these same names at the door of Ku-fah Mosque.
From there he will go out and commit crimes again. While having a spear in his hand, he will pick up a pregnant woman and turn her over to one of his supporters and order him to molest her in the middle of the road. After the molestation, he will rend asunder her stomach and take out the fetus, and nobody would be able to change such a horrible condition.”[62]
Ima-m as.-S.a-diq (‘a) said: “…God has completed His mercy by means of the son of the Prophet’s daughter (‘a); the same person who has the perfection of Mu-sa- (Moses), the reverence of ‘I-sa- (Jesus) and the patience and fortitude of Ayyu-b (Job). My fellows! During the period [prior to] his advent there shall be despised and abject people and their heads, just like the heads of the Turks and the people of Dayla-m, will be given as gifts (to despotic rulers).
They would be killed and burnt as well as terrorized, scared and intimidated. The earth would be colored with their blood while the cry and lamentation of their women would be multiplied. They are my true friends. Through them he will quell every sedition. He will eliminate commotions (and insecurities), and he will remove the chains and bonds of bondage from them. May the benediction of God be upon them as they are the guided ones!”[63]
Ibn ‘Abba-s said: “Sufya-ni- and Fula-ni- will go out and fight each other in such a manner that he (Sufya-ni-) will rend asunder the stomachs of women and put children in large pots and burn them.”[64]
Art.a-t said: “Sufya-ni- will kill whoever would oppose him. By means of saws, he will cut his opponents into two and get rid of them in burning pots. These tyrannies will last six months.”[65]
Wishing for Death by Those who are Alive
The Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “I swear to Him in Whose hand is my life! The world shall not end unless the time would come when on passing by the graveyard, a person will throw himself onto the grave and say: ‘I wish I were in the place of the owner of this grave!’ This is while his problem is not debt but the sufferings and pressures of the day as well as tyranny and oppression.”[66]
By using the word “man” [rajul] in the h?adi-th, two points can be deduced. One is that the sufferings and predicaments of that period and as such, the wish for death are not confined to a particular sect, nation or group, but everyone will undergo suffering and pain on account of the deplorable circumstances. The other point is that the word “man” indicates the extent of the pressure and difficulty of that period. This is because men usually can endure problems and inequities more than women, and the fact that men would not be able to tolerate and endure the problems and adversities of that period only shows that these predicaments would be very immense and backbreaking.
Abu- Hamzah ath-Thuma-li- narrated: Ima-m al-Ba-qir (‘a) said: “O Abu- Hamzah! H?ad?rat Qa-’im (‘atfs) will not rise up unless at the time when fear and dread would intensify, calamities and seditions would prevail (over society) and affliction and misfortune would befall the people. In addition to this, diseases would reach epidemic proportions; an intense and fatal dispute would occur among the Arabs; intense discord among the people would become rampant; religious and sectarian strife would be triggered; and the condition of the people would change to such an extent that every wisher—when he sees the brutality of the people and their violation of the rights of each other—will wish for death every day and every night.”[67]
Hudhayfah, the Companion of the Prophet, narrated from the Prophet (s.): “Verily, a time shall come upon you when man will wish for his death although he would not be under the pressure of poverty and indigence.”[68]
Ibn ‘Umar said: “Verily, a time will come upon the people when the believer, on account of the magnitude of afflictions and calamities on earth, would wish for his family and himself to ride on a boat and spend their lives on the sea.”[69]
The Captivity of the Muslims
Hudhayfah ibn al-Yama-n said: While mentioning the problems that the Muslims will face, the Prophet (s.) said: “On account of the pressures to be exerted on them, they will sell free people, and men and women will be ushered into slavery. Polytheists will hire Muslims as mercenaries and sell them in the cities, and no one will be offended by this state of affairs—neither the good nor the bad and the debauchee.
“O Hudhayfah! The suffering of that period will continue in such a manner that they will lose hope, and they will find comfort and relief in bad ideas. At that point, God will send a man from among the purified ones of my progeny and the good ones of my descendants who is just, blessed and pure without even an iota of connivance (with bad elements) and indulgence (in the bad things). Through his assistance, God will endear the religion, Qur’an, Islam, and its people and humiliate polytheism.
He will always fear God and never be arrogant about his relationship [to me]. He will neither put a stone over another stone nor whip anyone unless it is just and for the execution of punishment. Through him, God will annihilate innovations and seditions, open the door of truth, close the doors of falsehood, and let the Muslim captives—from whatever region they come—return to their respective motherlands.”[70]
Sinking into the Ground
The Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “Surely, a time shall come to pass on this ummah when the day would reach the night and they would ask one another, ‘Last night, who was swallowed by the earth?’ They would also ask one another, ‘Who is still alive from among the tribe of so-and-so?’ Or, ‘Is there anybody who is still alive from so-and-so clan?’”[71]
Perhaps, these words allude to the wars and killings at the end of time in which with the use of advanced weapons of mass destruction, every day more people will be killed and perhaps because of the mounting degree of sins, the earth will swallow its inhabitants.
The Increase of Sudden Death
The Noble Prophet (s.) said: “Among the signs of the Day of Resurrection is paralyzing diseases and sudden death.”[72] He (s.) also said: “The Day of Resurrection shall not come to pass unless the “white death” occurs.” He was asked: “O Messenger of Allah! What is “white death”?” He (s.) answered: “Sudden death”.[73]
The Commander of the Faithful (‘a) said: “Before the advent of the Qa-’im (‘atfs), there will be the ‘red death’ and ‘white death’… The ‘white death’ is plague.”[74]
Ima-m Muh?ammad al-Ba-qir (‘a) said: “The Qa-’im (‘atfs) will not rise up until there comes a time when intense fear becomes dominant and prior to it there would be contagious diseases of epidemic proportions.”[75]
Hopelessness of the People of the World to Attain Deliverance
The Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “O ‘Ali-! The advent of the Mahdi- will be at the time when cities will be changed, and the servants of God become weakened and hopeless about the advent of the Mahdi-. At that time, Mahdi- the Qa-’im from my progeny will appear.”[76]
Abu- Hamzah ath-Thumali- said: Ima-m al-Ba-qir (‘a) said: “The uprising and advent of the Mahdi- (‘atfs) will be at a time when there will be hopelessness and disappointment in the people concerning his advent and the improvement in deeds.”[77]
In this regard, ‘Ali- (‘a) said: “Verily, someone from my household will come as my successor, and his successorship will be after a period full of hardship and affliction—a period in which calamity and suffering will become intense and hopes shattered.”[78]
The Absence of Judges and Refuge
The Noble Prophet (s.) said: “The calamity and affliction on this ummah will be such that a man would not be able to find a sanctuary where he could seek refuge from oppression.”[79]
He also said: “At the end of time intense affliction from their governments will befall my ummah in such a manner that a believer would not find a sanctuary where to seek refuge from tyranny.”[80]
In another h?adi-th, he said: “Glad tidings to you of the Mahdi- from the progeny of Fa-t?imah! He will appear in the west and fill the world with justice.” It was asked: “O Messenger of Allah! When will it (his appearance) be?” He (s.) said: “It will be at the time when judges would receive bribes while the people become debauchees.” It was asked: “What will be the characteristics of the Mahdi-?” He (s.) said: “He will be separated from his family and relatives; he will be away from his homeland and live far from home.”[81]
Ima-m al-Ba-qir (‘a) said: “You will not see him while waiting for him except at the time when you become like a dead she-goat under the clutches of a fierce animal for which it makes no difference how she was brought. At that time there would be neither a place away from aggression where you could go nor a sanctuary where you could seek refuge.”[82]
Wars, Killings and Seditions
It can be deduced from the h?adi-ths that prior to the uprising of H?ad?rat al-Mahdi- (‘atfs) wars and killings will engulf everywhere. Some h?adi-ths talk about seditions. A number of h?adi-ths report protracted wars while other h?adi-ths make mention of the killing of human beings through wars and diseases such as epidemics.
The Messenger of Allah (s.) said: “After me you will experience four seditions. In the first sedition, blood will be regarded lawful to be shed while killing will increase in number. In the second sedition, blood and property will be regarded as lawful (to be shed, or plundered) while killing and pillage will increase in number.
In the third sedition, the blood, property and honor of the people will be regarded as lawful (to be shed, plundered, or trampled on) and apart from killing and pillage, the honor and chastity of human beings will not be safe. In the fourth sedition—which will be so intense, that it will affect everyone[83] and like the state of a turbulent and agitated ship in the middle of the sea—no one will find refuge from it. The sedition will spread from Sha-m,[84] encompass Iraq, and envelop the entire Peninsula (Hija-z). The afflictions of the people will be so intense that no one would be able to complain, and wherever the state of chaos subsides, it will be blazing in another.”[85]
In another h?adi-th, he (s.) said: “After me there will be seditions from which there will be no way of relief and in which there will be wars, displacement and homelessness. After this, there will be seditions more intense than the previous ones. Sedition will not yet subside when another one will emerge so much so that no house of the Arabs shall remain that will not catch this fire (of sedition), and no Muslim will be spared from this sedition. At that time a man from my family will appear.”[86]
He (s.) also said: “After me sedition will soon emerge to the extent that if there will be calm in one direction, it (sedition) will spread in two other directions until such time that a harbinger from heaven will shout: ‘This is H?ad?rat Mahdi-, your chief and commander!’”[87]
These h?adi-ths have made mention of a sedition that will emerge prior to the advent of H?ad?rat Mahdi- (‘atfs). Other h?adi-ths, however, talk about destructive wars, which we will cite below.
‘Amma-r ibn Ya-sir said: “The message and invitation of the Ahl al-Bayt [household] of your Prophet at the end of time is this: Avoid any kind of dispute until such time that you would see leaders from the Ahl al-Bayt; it will be the time when the Turks would oppose the Byzantines and wars would increase in number on the earth.”[88]
A number of h?adi-ths talk about killings and murders that will take place prior to the advent of al-Mahdi- (‘atfs). Some of these h?adi-ths mention only the killings while some others also specify the extent of the killings.
In this regard, Ima-m ar-Rid?a-[89] (‘a) said: “Before the advent of the Ima-m of the Time (‘atfs) successive and relentless killings will take place.”[90]
Abu- Hurayrah said: “There will be killing in Medina which will break up the Ah.ja-r az-Zayt[91] district and compared to it the tragedy of Hurrah[92] would be just like a whip. It will be at that time—after the killing—that two farsangs[93] away from Medina, allegiance would be paid to H?ad?rat Mahdi- (‘atfs).”[94]
Abu- Qabi-l said: “A person from Bani- Ha-shim[95] will take the helm of government and will only kill the Bani- ‘Umayyah[96] in such a manner that only a few of them will be left. Then, a person from the Bani- ‘Umayyah will emerge and kill two persons in lieu of one person (killed from his side) so much so that none will be left except women.”[97]
The Messenger of Allah (s.) thus said: “I swear to God in Whose hand is my life! The world will not end unless the time would come when neither the killer would know for what reason he is killing, nor would the reason behind the killing of the killed be clear, and chaos will spread everywhere. At that time, both the killer and killed will go to hell.”[98]
The Commander of the Faithful (‘a) said: “Before the advent of the Qa-’im (‘atfs), the world will face two types of death: the “red death” and the “white death”. The red death is through the sword (weapon) while the white death is through plague.”[99]
Ima-m al-Ba-qir (‘a) said: “There are two stages of occultation [ghaybah] for the Qa-’im of Muh?ammad’s Progeny, the second of which is longer than the first. At that time, death and killing will engulf the people.”[100] Ja-bir said: I asked Ima-m al-Ba-qir (‘a): “At what time will this affair (uprising of the Mahdi- (‘atfs)) happen?” In reply, the Ima-m (‘a) said: “O Ja-bir! How could this affair happen when the number of the slain between Hi-rah[101] and Ku-fah has not yet increased?”[102]
Ima-m as.-S.a-diq (‘a) said: “Before the advent of the Qa-’im (‘atfs), two types of death will surface: the “red death” and the “white death”. The number of people to be killed will be such that in every group of seven, five will die.”[103]
The Commander of the Faithful (‘a) said: “H?ad?rat Mahdi- (‘atfs) will not appear unless one-third of the people are killed; another one-third die; and the remaining one-third survive.”[104]
They asked the Commander of the Faithful (‘a): “Is there any sign and symbol for the advent of H?ad?rat Mahdi- (‘atfs)?” He (‘a) said: “Yes, horrible killing, sudden death and epidemics.”[105]
And as reported in Irsha-d al-Qulu-b: “sudden and mass killings [qatl adh-dhari-‘].”[106]
And as reported in Madi-nah al-Mu‘a-jiz: “vile and despicable killings [qatl ar-rad.i-‘].”[107]
And as reported in Hilyah al-Abra-r: “deplorable killings [qatl al-fad.i-‘].”[108]
The meaning of the h?adi-th is this:
“Yes, there are signs for the advent of H?ad?rat Mahdi- (‘atfs) such as mass, deplorable and despicable killings; sudden and successive deaths; and epidemics.”
Muh?ammad ibn Muslim said: Ima-m as.-S.a-diq (‘a) said: “The Ima-m of the Time will not appear unless two-thirds of the people in the world would die.” It was asked: “If two-thirds of the people would be killed, how many will remain?” He answered: “Are you not satisfied (and would you not like) to be among the remaining one-third?”[109]
Ima-m as.-S.a-diq (‘a) has said: “The affair (advent of Ima-m al-Mahdi- (‘atfs)) shall not be realized until nine-tenth (9/10) of the people are eliminated.”[110]
Ima-m ‘Ali- (‘a) said: “…At that time none of the people will remain except one-third (1/3) of them.”[111]
The Noble Prophet of Islam (s.) said: “Out of ten thousand people nine thousand and nine hundred will be killed and none will remain alive except very few.”[112]
Ibn Si-ri-n said: “H?ad?rat Mahdi- (‘atfs) will not appear unless out of nine persons, seven would be killed.”[113]
From the foregoing set of hadiths, the following points can be deduced:
1. Before the advent of al-Mahdi- (‘atfs), killings will take place and large numbers of the people will be killed, and those who will be left would be less than those who would be killed.
2. A number of those who will be killed will be killed in wars and another number will be killed by contagious diseases. Most probably, these contagious diseases will be engendered by those killed in war. Similarly, it is probable that this group of people would die through chemical and biological weapons that generate diseases.
3. The small number that will be left would be the Shi-‘ah and followers of the Ima-m of the Time (‘atfs) because they are the ones who will pay allegiance to the Mahdi- (‘atfs). This fact can also be inferred from the statement of Ima-m as.-S.a-diq (‘a) when he said: “Are you not satisfied (and would you not like) to be among the remaining one-third?”
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