HTML URL Encoding

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# HTML Uniform Resource Locators

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A URL is another word for a web address.

A URL can be composed of words, such as "w3schools.com", or an Internet Protocol (IP) address: 192.68.20.50. Most people enter the name of the website when surfing, because names are easier to remember than numbers.

## URL - Uniform Resource Locator

Web browsers request pages from web servers by using a URL.

When you click on a link in an HTML page, an underlying <a> tag points to an address on the world wide web.

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is used to address a document (or other data) on the world wide web.

A web address, like this: http://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp follows these syntax rules:

scheme://host.domain:port/path/filename

Explanation:

- scheme - defines the type of Internet service. The most common type is http
- host - defines the domain host (the default host for http is www)
- domain - defines the Internet domain name, like w3schools.com
- port - defines the port number at the host (the default port number for http is 80)
- path - defines a path at the server (If omitted, the document must be stored at the root directory of the web site)
- filename - defines the name of a document/resource

## Common URL Schemes

The table below lists some common schemes:

Scheme | Short for.... | Which pages will the scheme be used for...
--- | --- | ---
http | HyperText Transfer Protocol | Common web pages starts with http://. Not encrypted
https | Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol | Secure web pages. All information exchanged are encrypted
ftp | File Transfer Protocol | For downloading or uploading files to a website. Useful for domain maintenance
file |  | A file on your computer

## URL Encoding

URLs can only be sent over the Internet using the ASCII character-set.

Since URLs often contain characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be converted into a valid ASCII format.

URL encoding converts characters into a format that can be transmitted over the Internet.

URL encoding replaces non ASCII characters with a "%" followed by two hexadecimal digits.

URLs cannot contain spaces. URL encoding normally replaces a space with a + sign.

## Try It Yourself

If you click the "Submit" button below, the browser will URL encode the input before it is sent to the server. A page at the server will display the received input.

Try some other input and click Submit again.

## URL Encoding Examples

Character | URL-encoding
--- | ---
€ | %80
£ | %A3
© | %A9
® | %AE
À | %C0
Á | %C1
Â | %C2
Ã | %C3
Ä | %C4
Å | %C5

For a complete reference of all URL encodings, visit our URL Encoding Reference.

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